During the mine's slug invasion, he helps by unlocking the storeroom, allowing John to access the bombs he needs to destroy the slug nests and prevent repopulation. Clearly having built a good friendship with the two, Chuck shows only kindness toward them.Ĭhuck is seen to squabble with Yohn in minute ways, such as refusing to lend tools due to Yohn's track record of not returning them.Ĭhuck first greets John and Sam as they are on their way to the dig site for the first time, during the prologue. He does seem rather reliant on John's ability to take care of the situation, however.Ĭhuck is shown to care about both Sam and John, expressing gratitude for John's help at the mines, and sadness at the thought of Sam leaving her regular post at the dig site to go to school. Using a ruler and protractor, draw an arrow to represent the first vector. Let the x -axis represent the east-west direction. The following steps describe how to use the head-to-tail method for graphical vector addition. Chuck is often seen with a runny nose.Īlthough ultimately deferring to John's superior combat skills, Chuck does help out during the slug invasion, despite an obvious fear of the slugs. The tail of the vector is the starting point of the vector, and the head (or tip) of a vector is the pointed end of the arrow. His attire includes a brownish grey shirt, brown pants, and faded orange overalls that are draped over only one shoulder. You really do get us outta some binds.”Ĭhuck works as a digger with John in Potcrock Isle.Ĭhuck is a fair-skinned adult human with shoulder-length, straight, light-purple hair, brown eyes, and a mouth framed by a light stubble. In our simple model of coplanar orbits, we need not make this fine distinction.Gotta hand it to ya, John. it is at the moment of changing direction) in right ascension, and when it is stationary in ecliptic longitude. The second small point to notice is that, for precise work, it is necessary to distinguish between when a planet is stationary (i.e. This is not the case, and indeed there is a small exercise on this point in the penultimate paragraph of this chapter. It is sometimes believed by the unwary that the stationary points in the orbit of an inferior planet occur when the planet is at greatest elongation from the Sun. We would believe the same today if we hadn’t read differently in books and on this web site. It is small wonder that the ancient astronomers, believing that the Earth was at the centre of the solar system, believed in their system of deferents and epicycles. As seen from Earth, a planet moves generally eastward relative to the stars, except for a short time near opposition (for a superior planet) or inferior conjunction (for an inferior planet) when it briefly retrogrades towards the west. Therefore at some point in its orbit a planet will be stationary relative to the stars at the moment when its proper motion changes from direct to retrograde. It will, however, be obvious that a superior planet at conjunction, or an inferior planet at superior conjunction, will move eastward (“direct” or “prograde”) relative to the stars. Thus a superior planet at opposition moves westward (it “retrogrades”) relative to the stars, and an inferior planet at inferior conjunction also moves westward (it “retrogrades”) relative to the stars.
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